Dear writer of reasearch,

          

     Relax! and take a deep breath, it will be okay. Writing a research paper is not easy or extremely difficult. You must manage your time and make deadlines for yourself. But most importantly, you must begin with a topic that interest you. Begin with a broad topic (Animal Experimentation), then chose a side you want to defend (Against Animal Experimentation), then form questions about the topic so that you can create a strong thesis statement. Data collecting may be the best or worst part the research paper. My advice to you in regards this step is to make sure your source pertains to your topic, is credible, scholarly, and review by peer professionals of that particular field. I would advise you to begin at your school's library, and school online database (Academic Search Premier, Journal Finder) because the information provided will be credible. Remember, take a deep breath. Overwhelmed by the amount of information you collect but choosing sources that are easy to understand will cut the stress down by half. Now your up to the final step, writing the paper.  DO NOT PLAGIARIZE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! this is extremely important. Plagiarism will result in an "F" on your paper, an "F" in your class, expelling from your university and declining of acceptance to other universities.  When writing a research paper, you must have a clear purpose in mind whether it's to persuade, inform, and/or entertain. In order to fulfill these purposes, especially persuasion one must present and fully explain both sides of the debate. The information presented must be credible, reliable, and relevant to your topic because people will be persuaded if they feel you are honest and have insight on your topic. Your research paper must be organized, flow smoothly, with little to no grammatical errors (REVISE and RE-READ). In order to do that, you must use transitional words to lead your audience from one paragraph to the next. Each paragraph must contain one idea. It should not begin with a major point and end with another. Avoid 2- 3 sentence paragraph because it indicates that the paragraph is not fully developed. Lastly, you must MANAGE YOUR TIME. Give yourself time to write the paper so that each paragraph from beginning to end was carefully written and not rushed. Thus, in order to be a thoughtful and relevant research paper writer, you must be focused using the credible information collected to support you claim and fulfill the purpose of your paper while making sure each paragraph flow smoothly and pertain to you main thesis. good luck and happy writing

                                                                                         Sincerely,
                                                                                      Naderge Toussaint

The Art of Failure Response

      

      Malcolm Gladwell, author of The New Yorker article “The Art of Failure,” introduces, explains, and differentiates Daniel Willingham’s concept of implicit and explicit learning.

      According to Willingham, implicit learning is the learning of intricate information and tasks without awareness of what has been learned.   This form of learning can be occur after an individual learns a task or it can be something that was unmindfully picked up an person who is frequently present such as family or friends or from an entity that is frequently observed such as television shows and websites. For instance, when I learned to play the clarinet, my music instructor helped me connect certain sounds with keys. As time progressed, I went from consciously moving my fingers key to key while looking down to mimicking a song played by a person playing a clarinet without reading the keys, or making a conscious decision as to where I should place my fingers.

      However, explicit learning requires concentration and consciousness. Movement is slower and hesitant. For instance, when I was in the License Practical Nursing program in my high school my instructor taught my class how to insert an IV line into a patient. When it was time to implement what I learned in clinical, my movements where very slow and hesitant, and I was conscious of every move that I made. Eventually, I became accustomed to the task and I began to move more fluidly. Although the lesson did not ease the pressure I felt when it was time to perform in a hospital setting, the fact that my instructor told me ahead of time what is going to take place helped me prepare mentally for the task.

      According to Gladwell, understanding of the two types of learning is crucial when trying to figure out why a person failed to exceptionally perform a task that was previously learned.